{"id":4076,"date":"2010-12-21T12:03:36","date_gmt":"2010-12-21T11:03:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gezupftes.de\/?p=4076"},"modified":"2010-12-21T12:03:36","modified_gmt":"2010-12-21T11:03:36","slug":"die-laute-tar-eine-wichtige-langhalslaute-aus-persien-aserbaidschan-und-armenien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gezupftes.de\/?p=4076","title":{"rendered":"Die Laute Tar &#8211; Eine wichtige Langhalslaute aus Persien, Aserbaidschan und Armenien"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Als Abwechslung zur Weihnachtsmusik, die zur Zeit \u00fcberall zu h\u00f6ren ist, ist es vielleicht eine gute Idee einmal die Msuik einer ganz anderen Kultu zu h\u00f6ren.<\/p>\n<p>Ich habe mir in den letzten Tagen viele Videos mit Aufnahmen mit der Tar, einer Langhalslaute aus Persien, Aserbaidschan und Armenine angeh\u00f6rt. Es gibt viele interessante Videos, darunter auch einige Lektionen f\u00fcr die Tar. Mit den Links am Ende des Artikels kann man diese Videos leicht finden.<\/p>\n<p>In der Wikipedia kann man \u00fcber die Persische Tar lesen:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Die Tar besitzt einen achtf\u00f6rmigen, doppelt ausgebauchten Resonanzk\u00f6rper, der aus einem Holzblock  geschnitten ist. Typischerweise wird dazu Maulbeerbaumholz verwendet. Statt auf einer h\u00f6lzernen Decke steht der Steg auf einer Bespannung aus Pergament von der Haut des Lammes (\u00e4hnlich wie bei einem Banjo oder  der wie bei der klanglich \u00e4hnlicheren t\u00fcrkischen C\u00fcmb\u00fcs-Saz).  Zur Befestigung dient ein aus der iranischen Sarisch-Wurzel  hergestelltes Pulver, das sich durch Befeuchten sehr leicht wieder  entfernen l\u00e4sst.<\/p>\n<p>Mit der persischen Tar k\u00f6nnen bis zu 2 1\/2 Oktaven gespielt werden.  Wie bei den meisten anderen persischen Instrumenten gibt es neben den  Ganz- und Halbt\u00f6nen bei der Tar noch weitere &#8222;Zwischent\u00f6ne&#8220;, die ihre  Begr\u00fcndung im aus f\u00fcnf Haupttonalit\u00e4ten bestehenden persischen <em>Dastgah-System<\/em> haben. Die drei Ch\u00f6re (Doppelsaiten) werden meistens <em>C-G-C<\/em>,  <em>C-F-C<\/em> oder <em>D-G-C<\/em> gestimmt, wobei zwischen den beiden  Melodiesaitench\u00f6ren (&#8222;sim-e sefid&#8220; und &#8222;sim-e zard&#8220;) ein Quartabstand (seltener Quintabstand)  besteht. Abh\u00e4ngig ist die Stimmung (bzw. Scordatur; persisch \u200f\u0643\u0648\u06a9\u200e <em>Kuk<\/em>) jedoch in erster Linie vom verwendeten  Tonalit\u00e4tssystem bzw. vom Dastgah<sup id=\"cite_ref-0\">[1]<\/sup>.  Die sechs, urspr\u00fcnglich (ohne Verdoppelung der Ba\u00df-Saite) f\u00fcnf, Saiten  bestehen aus Stahl- bzw. Kupferdraht.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Im\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasofpluckedinstruments.com\/middle_east.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Atlas of Plucked Instruments<\/a> findet man die wichtigsten Informationen \u00fcber die Azeri Tar:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The body of the <em>Azeri tar <\/em> has a double-bowl            (figure-of-eight) shape, carved from one piece of mulberry wood. It            lacks the slanting sides of the <em>Iranian tar<\/em>, and the top half            is rounded. The front is a thin membrane of stretched bladder.<\/p>\n<p>The neck is glued to the body (which has a strengthening            stick through it) and a separate (quite large) square pegbox. The friction            pegs (with big round knobs) are on both sides of the open pegbox. The            frets are tied-on nylon (4 windings), with some in 1\/4 note intervals            (based on 17 intervals in an octave). These fret intervals differ from            the <em>Iranian tar<\/em>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2 id=\"watch-headline-title\">Ramiz Guliyev &#8211; Tar<\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>Ramiz Guliyev playing &#8222;Tar &#8220; Azerbaijan&#8217;s national instrument<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"ast-oembed-container \" style=\"height: 100%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Ramiz Guliyev - Tar\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fnP1wKTwF8o?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"watch-headline-title\">&#8222;Eshkhemet&#8220; &#8211; Sayat Nova  by the virtuoso Tar-Player Rafik &#8211; Rafael Vardanyan \u0540\u0561\u0575\u0561\u057d\u057f\u0561\u0576<\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>&#8222;Eshkhemet&#8220; &#8211; Sayat Nova by the virtuoso Tar-Player Rafik Rafael  Vardanyan &#8211; prize winner of &#8222;Best Armenian Tar-Player&#8220; in Armenia.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"ast-oembed-container \" style=\"height: 100%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"&quot;Eshkhemet&quot; - Sayat Nova  by the virtuoso Tar-Player Rafik - Rafael Vardanyan \u0540\u0561\u0575\u0561\u057d\u057f\u0561\u0576\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/yBmq2p7zduA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"watch-headline-title\">Sahba Motallebi  &#8211; Tar Improvisation<\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>Sahba Motallei was born in 1978 in Tehran, Iran, and started playing  traditional Persian music very early on. she is a graduate of Tehran  Conservatory where she mastered playing Tar and Setar (traditional  Persian instruments) under the instructions of master Fariborz Azizi.<br \/>\nShe  further enhanced her performance of the renowned capabilities by  enjoying the direct guidance of the renowned master of traditional  Persian music, Hossein alizadeh, and the respected music theoretician,  Dr Mehran Rouhani. She continued her formal music studies in composition  at St Petersburgh Conservatory, Russia. Sahba has recorded several CDs  and composed numerous theatrical peaces. For more information on Sahba&#8217;s  work please visit <a title=\"http:\/\/www.sahbamusic.com\" dir=\"ltr\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sahbamusic.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.sahbamusic.com<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"ast-oembed-container \" style=\"height: 100%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u062a\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0647\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628\u06cc\u060c \u0622\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u060c Sahba Motallebi\u060c Tar Improvisation\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5QclnG8s-gQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>Finally another solo on the tar played by Sahba Motallebi<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"watch-headline-title\">Solo Tar &#8211; Sahba<\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>Sahba Motallebi playing solo tar.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"ast-oembed-container \" style=\"height: 100%;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Solo Tar - Sahba\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/VNS5nbr_xhs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h2>More Information<\/h2>\n<p>Atlas of Plucked Instruments: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasofpluckedinstruments.com\/middle_east.htm\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.atlasofpluckedinstruments.com\/middle_east.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Wikipedia \u00fcber das Instrument Tar (Deutsch): <a href=\"http:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tar_%28Musikinstrument%29\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tar_%28Musikinstrument%29<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Weitere Videos mit Armenischer Musik f\u00fcr Tar: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=%22armenian+tar%22&amp;aq=f\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=%22armenian+tar%22&amp;aq=f<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Weitere Videos mit Persischer Musik f\u00fcr Tar: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=%22persian+tar%22&amp;aq=f\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/results?search_query=%22persian+tar%22&amp;aq=f<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Youtube Kanal von Sahba Motallebi: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/SahbaTV\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/SahbaTV<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Persische Musikinstrumente und kostenlose Downloads von Persischer Musik: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.santoori.com\/download.html\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.santoori.com\/download.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The Tar School &#8211; Amerikanische Schule f\u00fcr die Tar: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.tarschool.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.tarschool.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Als Abwechslung zur Weihnachtsmusik, die zur Zeit \u00fcberall zu h\u00f6ren ist, ist es vielleicht eine gute Idee einmal die Msuik [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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