Bartolomeo Bortolazzi – Ein Virtuose der Mandoline und Gitarre zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts

Bartolomeo Bortolazzi feierte als Mandolinenvirtuose in der Zeit um 1800 in Europa große Erfolge. Vor allem sein Lieder mit Gitarrebegleitung und seine Variationen für Mandoline und Gitarre über populäre Melodien waren sehr beliebt.

Seine Mandolinenschule und seine Gitarrenschule wurden in vielen Auflagen gedruckt.

Ich habe kürzlich eine Mandolinenschule von J. B. Cramer nach der Mandolinenschule von Bortolazzi in der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek entdeckt, ausserdem sind drei Werke von Bortolazzi als Scans in der Universitätsbibliothek von Tübingen als Download verfügbar (Links siehe unten).

Bortolazzi spielte eine Mandoline mit vier Saiten (Cremoneser oder Brescianer Mandoline) die gestimmt war wie eine neapolitanische Mandoline aber nur vier Saiten und einen weicheren Ton hatte.

Hier ein Portrait von Bartolomeo Bortolazzi das in Bone, The Guitar and Mandolin abgedruckt ist:

Bartolomeo Bortolazzi

Playlist mit Werken von Bartolomeo Bortolazzi für Mandoline und Gitarre

Biographie von Bartolomeo Bortolazzi in Bone, The Guitar and Mandolin:

Bortolazzi, Bartolomeo, was born in Venice, in the year 1773 of musical parents, and when quite a child studied the mandolin. At a very early age he made concert tours through northern Italy, meeting with considerable success. In the year 1800, he visited England where he was well received, remaining in this country for two vears. This artist, by his extraordinary talent, produced the most wonderful and unheard-of nuances of tone and charms of expression, at that time deemed scarcely possible on so small an instrument. Instead of the monotonous, nasal tone which had hitherto been produced he so manipulated the strings and plectrum that he opened an enlarged sphere of capabilities for the instrument.

It is to Bortolazzi that we are indebted for the first revival of the mandolin as a popular instrument, a popularity which lasted for about thirty years and caused most of the great musicians of that time to compose for it. In the beginning of the year 1801 Bortolazzi commenced the study of the guitar, and so great was his natural ability that the next year he was performing and teaching this instrument also, to the elite of London society. Whilst residing in London he composed many works for voices and guitar, and piano and guitar, dedicating one of the latter compositions to his pupil, the Duchess of York this being published by Monzani & Hill, London. In 1803 he had quitted London and was touring professionally through Germany giving concerts in all the important cities with his usual success. He appeared the same year in Dresden, and in Leipzig, Brunswick and Berlin the year following, where critics and musicians were unanimous in their praise of his performances. After this his last concert tour, he settled in Vienna in 1805, and devoted himself to teaching and composition.

Among his published works we find a method for the guitar entitled : New theoretical and practical guitar school, Op. 21 ; and a method for the mandolin entitled : School for the mandolin, violin system. The guitar method was published in French and German by Haslinger, Vienna ; it was a standard work in Austria during the first part of the nineteenth century, and met with such success that it had passed through eight editions up to the year 1833. The first eleven chapters, of his method are devoted to the theoretical part, and the twelfth concerns the instrument. After these twelve introductory chapters, follow scales, cadenzas, and studies in all keys, arranged progressively, and thirty exercises on arpeggios, the work being concluded with a fantasia of three pages for guitar solo.

The mandolin method, which was issued by Breitkopf & Hartel, of Leipzig, in 1805, has also passed through many editions, the latest revised by Engelbert Rontgen, this being published in the German language. The first lesson describes the mandolin and its various types (lute, Milanese, Cremona and Neapolitan mandolins, etc)., and it is followed by various exercises for the management of the plectrum. It treats of arpeggios, harmonics, etc., and concludes with a theme and six variations for mandolin with guitar accompaniment; but this mandolin method is of no use to present-day students, being completely out-of-date.

Bortolazzi was the composer of many simple, yet beautiful songs, which were very popular during his life, and among other of his published compositions we mention the following: Op. 5, Six Italian songs with guitar; Op. 8, Variations for mandolin and guitar, published in 1804 by Breitkopf & Hartel, Leipzig, and also by Cappi, Vienna; Op. 9, Sonata for mandolin and piano, same publishers; Op. 10, Six themes with variations (in two volumes) for mandolin and guitar; and Op. 11, Six Italian songs with guitar, Simrock, Bonn; Op. 13, Six variations for guitar with violin obbligato; Op. 19, Twelve variations concertante for guitar and piano, Haslinger, Vienna; Op. 20, Six French romances with guitar; Twelve airs for guitar solo; and Rondo for guitar and piano in A, Concha, Berlin; Sonata for guitar and piano, Peters, Leipzig; Six variations for violin and guitar, Spehr, Brunswick; Six dances and twelve books of guitar solos, Haslinger, Vienna; Six Venetian songs with guitar, published in 1802 by Chappell, London; Today, a trio for three voices with piano, dedicated to Count Waldestein, and printed for the author in 1801, London; Cantate a Voccasion de la reception d’un frere, London, 1801,; Maurer lied, London 1802, and numerous other similar works published in London and on the continent. Twelve variations for guitar remain in manuscript in Dresden and several others in Vienna. His portrait is reproduced from an engraving by Scheffner, after Kattner, published by Breitkopf & Hartel, Leipzig.

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Die Mandolinenschule von Cramer nach Bortolazzi ist in der Bayerischern Staatsbibliothek verfügbar:

Drei Werke von Bortolazzi sind in der Sammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen zu finden. Die Scans sind als kostenlose Downloads verfügbar:

Siehe auch: http://www.mandoisland.de/noten2013/bortolazzi/b-bortolazzi.html

Linksammlung Bortolazzi: https://pinboard.in/u:mandoisland/t:bortolazzi/

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